Reassessing the value of TRW
This past July, a cultural asset review commission under the Taipei City Department of Cultural Affairs provisionally approved a proposal to designate the site’s assembly shop, blacksmith shop, and power plant—all of which went into operation in 1935—as historic monuments, and to register its head office, diesel-electric locomotive shed, passenger car shed, transfer table, and overhead crane as historic structures.
The assembly shop, which now serves as a maintenance shed for all-electric locomotives and electric multiple units (EMUs), covers an area of 6,800 square meters and has 8,800 m² of floor space. At 167 meters long, 20.4 m high, and 23.8 m wide, it is the largest workshop on the site. The huge clear-span is a notable feature of the building, and the framework of riveted steel beams is extremely solid. As one employee marveled, “They’ve never had to repair it once since it was built.”
Another key feature of the assembly shop is the natural lighting. The roof ridge is raised to create a long skylight under each side of the raised part.
The blacksmith shop, mainly used for production of the various parts needed for repairing trains, has three steam hammers that could well be the most valuable pieces of cultural heritage on the site. One of the hammers was purchased by the Bureau of Machinery in 1889, and has been in service ever since.
The power plant, meanwhile, is the heart of the TRW, for it supplies the entire facility with steam power, and has never stopped running even once in all the years the workshop has been in operation. Every afternoon, as employees are getting ready to knock off for the day, the power plant shunts extra steam over to the employee bathhouse (now designated as a municipal historic site) so that the male employees can clean up after a hard day’s work.
The power plant’s tall smokestack is a Taipei landmark, and is among the parts of the facility that have been provisionally approved for designation as historic monuments.
For rail buffs, provisional approval for designation of additional TRW historic sites was a big initial victory. If the remaining procedures can be successfully completed, there will be a legal basis that ensures preservation of TRW cultural assets. Final endorsement of the plan by the Taipei City Government would add three more TRW cultural assets to Taipei’s list of municipal historic sites (along with the employee bathhouse, which was designated as a municipal historic site back in 2000).
The Cultural Heritage Preservation Act provides that “a monument shall be managed and maintained by its owner, user or manager,” that it “shall be preserved in its original appearance and construction method,” and that “no construction or development work shall damage the integrity of a monument.” Accordingly, once the assembly shop, blacksmith shop, and power plant are designated as historic sites, the preservation of their original appearance will be required by law, and the ability to convert them to commercial use will be greatly restricted, a prospect that the TRA finds most unwelcome.
The TRA has estimated that designation as a historic site would generate costs of more than NT$2.4 billion for construction, maintenance, redesign, remodeling, and preparation of visitor access. And this figure doesn’t even include an estimated annual operating budget of NT$600 million. For the debt-laden TRA, all this is a very heavy burden.
At an August 31 public hearing to discuss the possible designation of historic sites, the TRA fought its case valiantly, knowing full well the odds were stacked against it.
The TRW employee bathhouse was designated as a municipal historic site in 2000. The geometric beauty of its design reflects worldwide architectural design trends of the 1930s.