Birds today, humans tomorrow
The newly rediscovered Chinese crested tern has achieved star status internationally. Governments not only in Taiwan but also in China and South Korea have designated a number of uninhabited islands where the terns breed as protected areas. In order to better understand the biology of this species, researchers routinely share information and try to stay up to date on the birds’ migration routes and distribution.
However, it is not enough to act simply at the academic level: ecological protection is also vital, and everyone must do their part. In 2008, when a Chinese crested tern was photographed with a plastic bottle stuck on its beak, the incident sparked widespread discussion not only among birdwatchers but also among the public at large. This heartwrenching image testified to the damage being done to the natural environment, and we are all duty bound to help solve problems like the exhaustion of fisheries resources and the ever-increasing amounts of trash in the ocean. “There are many reasons why a species can become endangered,” says Hung Chung-hang, a postdoctoral research fellow in NTU’s Department of Forestry and Resource Conservation.
“Sooner or later the earth will hit back. Climate change is already here in our generation, and the same goes for marine pollution,” warns Yuan Hsiao-wei, adding forcefully, “What is happening to birds today will happen to humanity tomorrow.” Arthur Chiang, deputy executive director of the Wild Bird Society of Taipei, offers a similar admonition: “In the chain of life, birds are high-level predators, and the extinction of a bird species will bring dramatic changes to the entire food chain below it.”
However, protecting migratory species has always been difficult compared with protecting resident birds, which stay in one place year round. “Migrating birds don’t recognize national boundaries, and their wintering grounds, breeding grounds, and the places they stop over during their migration can all be in different countries. If conservation efforts are confined to just one of those countries, the impact will be limited,” says Yuan. Nevertheless, the situation is not hopeless for the Chinese crested tern. Take for example the black-faced spoonbill, which famously winters in Taiwan: At one point its total population had declined to about 500 birds, but thanks to cooperation among a number of nations that signed and respected the “Action Plan for the Black-faced Spoonbill Platalea minor,” its population has in recent years climbed back up to nearly 5000 birds. This success has brought much praise for Taiwan, which is the black-faced spoonbill’s main wintering ground, as well as an International Conservation Achievement Award from BirdLife International.
On a positive note, although the precarious situation of the Chinese crested tern highlights the urgency of addressing environmental destruction, at the same time it hints at the inseparable bonds between humans and animals. Besides reawakening people’s love for nature, it reminds us that as children of Planet Earth, we all have responsibilities. While “bird of myth and legend” is a beautifully poetic description, it also reflects the importance of this fateful moment in time. The key to transforming crisis into opportunity is often simply a change of heart among humankind.
Researchers carry out bird banding operations in order to better understand bird species’ life histories.
Matsu’s Tiejian Island, now designated a tern conservation area, is one of the Chinese crested tern’s few remaining breeding sites.