It's also an attitude about life
Christians comprise a large share of the people that choose to homeschool. Among the 60 families that belong to the Chinese Christians' Home Education Association, "non-school based experimental education" isn't just an educational method. It's an attitude about life.
They believe that raising and educating their children is a mission that God has given them, and that it isn't something that they should just leave up to the government or the schools. Hence, they encourage parents, within the bounds of the law, to completely take over responsibility for educating their children. Huang Hsia-cheng argues that the "educational production lines" of schools can't meet the life growth needs of individuals. Children of the 21st century need specifically tailored educational programs.
In 2000 the Chinese Christians' Home Education Association, which grew out of a Christian fellowship, was formally established. Fan Shou-kang, the managing director of the association, and his wife Ma Cho-chun, explain that homeschooling doesn't just mean keeping a child at home to read and study, but rather it involves "the whole family living according to Jesus' example." They regard homeschooling as a revolutionary movement that they hope will have a very positive impact on society.
"For four or five years, our entire family hasn't bought a new piece of clothing," says Huang Hsia-cheng. Because families that homeschool are limited to one salary, every dollar has to be well spent.
With respect to educational philosophy, the association's buzzwords are "teaching by example" and "learning families." "The parents are the families' first students," Huang explains, "and the children are like their younger schoolmates." The association recommends homeschoolers, wherever they are, to establish small "study groups" that provide teaching materials and hold regularly scheduled meetings. It recommends that parents design an integrated curriculum, taking an interdisciplinary approach that looks at subject matter from different angles.
Teaching your own children?
"Homeschooling does have various advantages, such as combining living with learning, fostering family togetherness, and allowing the curriculum to closely match the talents and needs of the student," says Wu Hui-chin, the principal of West Gate Elementary School. But the relative merits of mainstream education and homeschooling are still the source of many an argument.
"Education in the schools is functionally very positive," remarks one elementary school teacher. "I can't accept the notion that children will suffer harm and abuse once they step into a classroom."
Homeschoolers, meanwhile, take issue with outsiders' criticisms that the sheltered environment of homeschooling might leave children deficient in skills of social adaptability.
"Of course children should be protected when they are most impressionable," says Kao Wei-chien. In his view, if you wait until children have developed sufficient powers of resistance before letting them out in the world, then they will have a positive impact on society, rather than be led astray by it.
"So-called 'group education' is really a pretty vague concept," says Huang Hsia-cheng. Moreover, she argues that the age-exclusive groupings in schools are in fact very unnatural and that in a high-density living environment such as Taiwan's people need to learn to deal with a variety of people. "It's the kids in the schools who will have problems adjusting to society."
Then there's the question of whether "non-professional" parents have what it takes to educate their children. This is one of the main sources of doubt for homeschooling skeptics.
"It's not that you have to provide something, but rather that you take the children on a journey and face the challenges together," says Lu Chi-hua, who holds that anyone can homeschool their kids with the right attitude. "The truth is that parents need only to spur their motivation to learn."
Others question parental motives, believing that they must have some sort of stubborn and fanatical religious or intellectual bias.
Chen Hsieh-ching, who is teaching his daughter to read the Buddhist Sutras as well as the Chinese classics has encountered lots of opposition along the way from family, friends and the schools. All had grave doubts. "It's weird enough that the kid is studying Buddhism," Chen relates, "let alone that he's not going to school." When facing the doubts of the outside world, Chen's inner determination did not so much as flicker. He firmly believes that the path he has chosen for his child is the right one.
Yet he admits that it is hard to wear the double hat of parent and teacher: "In eras past, people used to trade children to teach, for fear that teaching one's own children was detrimental to the parent-child relationship." Chen says that playing the double role is only temporary. Eventually he will find an enlightened teacher for his daughter.
According to statistics compiled by Fang Hui-chin, mothers most often take on the principal responsibility for teaching homeschooled children. Most of them have formal class for four or five hours a day. Naturally, assuming two vastly different roles as mother and teacher leaves these women feeling overstretched at times.
From his experience observing familes that homeschool, Huang Hsia-cheng says there are several potential problems: the parents may get extremely tired; they may overlook the need for a balanced education that develops a well-rounded person; they may lack self-discipline and procrastinate; and they may have difficulty finding the middle ground between flexibility and discipline and between isolation and having too many educational commitments outside the home.
Because homeschooling is so out of the ordinary, many people hold prejudices and misconceptions about it. Fang Hui-chin, a government caseworker who keeps track of homeschoolers' educational progress, originally harbored many doubts about homeschooling. But with his first-hand and in-depth experience, he has developed a deep respect for homeschoolers. "It has been my fate to meet these people, and now I understand that they are much different from other teachers and much different from other parents. I've found their commitment very moving," Fang says.
Laughing in their dreams
Although homeschooling has gradually been meeting with greater acceptance, "non-school-based experimental education" is still coming up short in several areas.
Since the "Basic Education Law" was announced, some 15 counties and cities have announced their own regulations governing "non-school-based experimental education." In these places, as long as the parent is willing to draw up an educational plan and make an application to the schools in accordance with the law, the family will be allowed to homeschool after a review. But Huang Hsia-cheng points out that many counties and cities have not announced their regulations. Without the administrative structure in place, schools, which may never have even heard of the concept, may believe that homeschooling is impossible to arrange.
Tang Hsueh-e, who is in charge of "non-school-based experimental education" for the Taipei Bureau of Education, says that the system isn't fully developed and doesn't provide sufficient direction, support and oversight. She says that parents can work hard toward completing a certain educational objective but that there need to be more professionals involved.
Fang Hui-chin also points out that the current law doesn't provide a basic mechanism for educational assessment that would allow homeschooled children to reenter the schools.
But homeschooling parents aren't expecting educational "guidance," and few are worried about how their children will go about reenrolling in school.
Chen Hsieh-chi frankly states that it is likely that his daughter will never go to school, but that doesn't bother him. "Rather than being under someone else's control, isn't it better to go home and worry about it for yourself?" He believes that as along as he cultivates his daughter's basic abilities, she will attain great learning on her own.
"I smile whenever I think about it!" says Chen about his decision to educate his daughter himself. "My child's future ambitions and field of vision will definitely surpass my own," he says. With a blue chip stock in the family, why would he choose to sell it short? "I'm willing to be used as a stepping stone, to be sacrificed for the next generation."