Power boost
Medium-sized cities can get away with being "small but beautiful," but scholars unanimously agree that major cities that represent their countries must think big in order to squeeze into the "winners' circle," creating a magnet effect and generating influence for the country as a whole.
"This is why China has broadened the powers of city mayors, so that they can control all the variables and be directly responsible for their municipality--China is just too big, but individual cities can get up and running faster," opines Steve Lin. "Although Taiwan is not so big, given the overlap and layering of government hierarchy, mayors have very limited room for maneuver on policy."
"Taipei and Kaoshiung clearly cannot compete with emerging megacities in terms of the physical size of their jurisdictions. But with the opening of the Taipei-Ilan highway, the high-speed railway, and the Kaohsiung MRT, the hinterlands for both cities have been greatly expanded, so there is a lot of potential there for both," says Liou Yao-hwa, an associate professor of urban planning at Feng Chia University. Improvements in transportation can transform a city's functional size, and today Taipei's "effective influence" extends to Ilan (which offers mainly agriculture and tourism) and, via the high-speed railway, to high-tech Hsinchu and heavily industrialized Taoyuan.
And in Kaohsiung, links with the NT$2-trillion Tainan Science Park and the Kaohsiung Science Park at Luchu, Kaohsiung County, mean that the Kaohsiung region--long a center of gravity for traditional industries--has gotten aboard the high-tech train as well. "Compared to Hong Kong and Singapore, which have only their harbors and financial industries, Taipei and Kaohsiung are still in an advantageous position," avers Liou.
The question is, what should be done to bring their advantages fully into play? The uniform suggestion of scholars is that there is an urgent need to extend the administrative powers of city governments.
To take one example: "The Kaohsiung MRT system will start running at the end of 2007," says Steve Tseng, standing outside the last station on the Red Line at Chiaotou in Kaohsiung County, "but still nobody knows how this piece of land is going to be used, " because Chiaotou is outside Kaohsiung City's jurisdiction.
"It's not just Chiaotou Township. Kaohsiung City should be able to have coordinating functions that reach into Pingtung County and Kaohsiung County, and in fact the Democratic Progressive Party has long advocated 'integration' of Pingtung County, Kaohsiung County, and Kaohsiung City," says Steve Tseng. "As for Taipei, besides integrating the city with Taipei County, Taipei's financial and logistical capabilities need to be combined with the high-tech capabilities of Taoyuan and Hsinchu so that its competitiveness can be taken up to the next level."
Liou Yao-hwa's view is that Taiwan's future development should have three urban concentrations at its core. "Northern Taiwan should have Taipei at its heart, and include Ilan, Keelung, Taipei County, Taoyuan, and Hsinchu. With a population of about 9.5 million, it would be on a par with Belgium. The five counties of Central Taiwan would have Taichung City as their center, being roughly comparable to Singapore. And Southern Taiwan, including Chiayi, Tainan, Kaohsiung, and Pingtung, with a population of about 7 million, would be slightly larger than Hong Kong."
"In the future, if the administrative boundaries can be redrawn, the three core cities of Taipei, Kaohsiung, and Taichung should be given the power to 'flexibly absorb' neighboring townships, to give them more power to lead the way in creating regional competitiveness."
The living environment is better, but what about the business environment? Falling rents at office buildings show that Taipei and Kaohsiung are both facing problems. The photo shows the World Trade Center and Taipei 101 in the Hsinyi District.