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On the map, Xinzhuang shows up as an L-shaped 20-square-kilometer swatch of land along the Dahan River, with Fu Jen Catholic University acting more or less as a boundary between upper and lower Xinzhuang. The area developed earliest is upper Xinzhuang. It is located near Dahan Bridge where the old river port used to be, and slopes downward ever so gently to the north. This is the most densely populated part of Xinzhuang.
Floods are frequent in upper Xinzhuang, which is why the Zhonggang Main Drainage Channel was dug in the 1980s. Then the Touqian Industrial District and Wugu District were developed in the 1990s, attracting many factories and workers to the area. More new residents streamed in after the Dahan Bridge opened to traffic and provided a direct link to Banqiao and Taipei. The rapid growth in factories and population overwhelmed the Zhonggang Channel and turned it into a stinking mess. Some commented sardonically that “you could use the water as calligraphy ink.”
Apart from the foul water quality, another problem with the Zhonggang Channel is the fact that the gentle slope of the land makes simple gravity flow insufficient for the purpose of drainage.
The drainage channel, which empties northward into Dakekeng Creek, doesn’t drain much water when it gets backed up, which used to happen often. Dredging was required frequently, and even then it invariably flooded each time a typhoon hit. Local residents sometimes complained to their elected representatives about the situation, but high costs posed a daunting obstacle to anyone who might have tried to address the problem. Nothing happened for a long time.
But things changed after Lee Hong-yuan, a water resources expert and professor in the Department of Civil Engineering at National Taiwan University, became a deputy magistrate of Taipei County.
“Six or seven years before joining the Taipei County Government, I began thinking that I’d love to be in charge of a drainage channel cleanup project,” says Lee, who explains that almost all drainage channels in Taiwan have the same sort of problem that plagued the Zhonggang Channel, but the public has always just put up with such problems without realizing that it is possible to clean up polluted waterways. Cleanup projects in Japan and the West have shown that it is not a very difficult engineering feat to divert polluted water into a treatment plant and then return clean water to the channel; the difficult thing is how to carry out urban renewal after waterways have been cleaned up, and how to build public consensus and participation.
On the subject of flooding, Lee for many years has called for “comprehensive water resources management.” The task of flood prevention requires more than just technology; it must also include land management and planned use of urban space. To achieve that, it is necessary to take an integrated approach that addresses urban development, land administration, transportation, economic development, and water conservancy.
It is true that the problems posed by Zhonggang Channel are not as complex as those associated with natural rivers, which traverse forests, mountain slopes, and cities, but the principles involved are the same. Cleanup of the channel was first identified as one of the county government’s four flagship projects during the term of former Taipei County magistrate Chou Hsi-wei, and work got underway.
This charmingly illuminated evening scene along the Zhonggang Main Drainage Channel today bears scant resemblance to the stinking open sewer of three years ago.